Generation of Reconfigurable Pairs of Orthogonal Polarization Vortices Using a Sagnac Interferometer
This project aims to design and experimentally demonstrate a novel, simple optical setup that generates reconfigurable pairs of orthogonal polarization vortices using a Sagnac interferometer. By utilizing techniques such as rotating the quarter wave plate (QWP) orientation or inserting a half wave plate (HWP), we produce distinct pairs of radially and azimuthally polarized beams. These vortex beams are orthogonal in nature and can be rapidly inter-switched, offering significant potential for advanced applications in optical communication systems— particularly in mode division multiplexing—as well as laser micromachining, microscopy, and optical particle manipulation.